amesh.cpp

#include "amesh.h"
#include <iomanip>
#include <set>


#if defined(USE_PARALLEL_WRITE_TIME)
#define REPORT_MPI(x) {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<MPI><![CDATA[" << #x << "]]></MPI>" << std::endl; x;}
#define REPORT_STR(x) {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<TEXT><![CDATA[" << x << "]]></TEXT>" << std::endl;}
#define REPORT_VAL(str,x) {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<VALUE name=\"" << str << "\"> <CONTENT><![CDATA[" << x << "]]></CONTENT> <CODE><![CDATA[" << #x << "]]></CODE></VALUE>" << std::endl;}
#define ENTER_FUNC() double all_time = Timer(); {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<FUNCTION name=\"" << __FUNCTION__ << "\" id=\"func" << m->GetFuncID()++ << "\">" << std::endl; m->Enter();}
#define ENTER_BLOCK() { double btime = Timer(); m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<FUNCTION name=\"" << __FUNCTION__ << ":" << NameSlash(__FILE__) << ":" << __LINE__ << "\" id=\"func" << m->GetFuncID()++ << "\">" << std::endl; m->Enter();
#define EXIT_BLOCK() m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<TIME>" << Timer() - btime << "</TIME>" << std::endl; m->Exit(); m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "</FUNCTION>" << std::endl;}
#define EXIT_FUNC() {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<TIME>" << Timer() - all_time << "</TIME>" << std::endl; m->Exit(); m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "</FUNCTION>" << std::endl;}
#define EXIT_FUNC_DIE() {m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "<TIME>" << -1 << "</TIME>" << std::endl; m->Exit(); m->WriteTab(m->out_time) << "</FUNCTION>" << std::endl;}
#else
#define REPORT_MPI(x) x
#define REPORT_STR(x) {}
#define REPORT_VAL(str,x) {}
#define ENTER_BLOCK()
#define EXIT_BLOCK()
#define ENTER_FUNC() {}
#define EXIT_FUNC() {}
#define EXIT_FUNC_DIE()  {}
#endif

static std::string NameSlash(std::string input)
{
	for(unsigned l = static_cast<unsigned>(input.size()); l > 0; --l)
		if( input[l-1] == '/' || input[l-1] == '\\' )
			return std::string(input.c_str() + l);
	return input;
}


/// todo:
/// 1. coarsment
/// 2. strategy for faces/edges with faults
/// 3. geom model supportbn
/// 4. make class abstract virtual for user implementation of refinement and coarsment indicators
/// see in code todo:
namespace INMOST
{
	void CleanupSets(ElementSet set)
	{
		ElementSet::iterator it = set.Begin();
		while(it != set.End())
		{
			if( it->isValid() ) ++it;
			else it = set.Erase(it);
		}
		for(ElementSet child = set.GetChild(); child.isValid(); child = child.GetSibling())
			CleanupSets(child);
	}
	
	void ReduceMax(const Tag & tag, const Element & element, const INMOST_DATA_BULK_TYPE * data, INMOST_DATA_ENUM_TYPE size)
	{
		(void) size;
		element->Integer(tag) = std::max(element->Integer(tag),*((const INMOST_DATA_INTEGER_TYPE *)data));
	}
	
	void ReduceMin(const Tag & tag, const Element & element, const INMOST_DATA_BULK_TYPE * data, INMOST_DATA_ENUM_TYPE size)
	{
		(void) size;
		element->Integer(tag) = std::min(element->Integer(tag),*((const INMOST_DATA_INTEGER_TYPE *)data));
	}
	void ReduceSum(const Tag & tag, const Element & element, const INMOST_DATA_BULK_TYPE * data, INMOST_DATA_ENUM_TYPE size)
	{
		(void) size;
		element.Real(tag) += *((const INMOST_DATA_REAL_TYPE *)data);
	}
	
	void ReduceUnion(const Tag & tag, const Element & element, const INMOST_DATA_BULK_TYPE * data, INMOST_DATA_ENUM_TYPE size)
	{
		(void) size;
		const INMOST_DATA_INTEGER_TYPE * idata = (const INMOST_DATA_INTEGER_TYPE *)data;
		Storage::integer_array odata = element->IntegerArray(tag);
		std::vector<int> tmp(static_cast<size_t>(size)+static_cast<size_t>(odata.size()));
		tmp.resize(std::set_union(odata.begin(),odata.end(),idata,idata+size,tmp.begin())-tmp.begin());
		odata.replace(odata.begin(),odata.end(),tmp.begin(),tmp.end());
	}

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::PrintSetLocal(std::string offset, ElementSet it, std::stringstream& ss)
    {
        std::stringstream ss1;
        ss1 << offset << rank << ": Set : " << std::setw(5) << it.GetName() << " ";
        for (int i = ss1.str().length(); i < 23; i++) ss1 << " ";
        ss << ss1.str();
        ss << std::setw(6);
        if (it.GetStatus() == Element::Shared) ss << "shared";
        else if (it.GetStatus() == Element::Ghost) ss << "ghost";
        else if (it.GetStatus() == Element::Owned) ss << "owned";
        else ss << "none";

        ss << " tag_owner (" << it.IntegerDF(m->OwnerTag()) << ")";

        //ss << "   level (" << level[it.self()] << ")  ";
        ss << " tag_processors (";
        std::stringstream ss2;
        Storage::integer_array arr = it.IntegerArrayDV(m->ProcessorsTag());
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++)
            ss2 << arr[i] << " ";
        ss << std::setw(5) << ss2.str() <<")";
        

        ElementSet::iterator p = it.Begin();
        ss << "     | Refs: ";
        int first = 0;
        while(p != it.End())
        {
        //    if (first++ == 0) ss << endl << offset << "   ";
            std::string type = "unknw";
            if (p->GetElementType() == CELL) type = "cell";
            if (p->GetElementType() == FACE) type = "face";
            if (p->GetElementType() == EDGE) type = "edge";
            if (p->GetElementType() == NODE) type = "node";
            ss << type << "-" << std::setw(2) << p->GlobalID() << " ";
            p++;
        }
        ss << std::endl;

        for(ElementSet child = it.GetChild(); child.isValid(); child = child.GetSibling())
        {
            PrintSetLocal(offset + "   ",child,ss);
        }
    }
	*/

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::PrintSet()
    {
        std::stringstream ss;
        for(Mesh::iteratorSet it = m->BeginSet(); it != m->EndSet(); ++it) 
        {
            //if (it->HaveParent()) continue;
            PrintSetLocal("",ElementSet(m,*it),ss);
        }
        std::cout << ss.str() << std::endl;
    }
	*/

	/*
    void PrintRefs(std::ostream& os, Storage::reference_array refs)
    {
        for(Storage::reference_array::size_type i = 0; i < refs.size(); ++i)
        {
            std::string type = "unknw";
            if (refs[i].GetElementType() == CELL) type = "cell";
            if (refs[i].GetElementType() == FACE) type = "face";
            if (refs[i].GetElementType() == EDGE) type = "edge";
            if (refs[i].GetElementType() == NODE) type = "node";
            os << "(" << type << "," << refs[i]->GlobalID() << ") ";
			Storage::real xyz[3] = {0,0,0};
            refs[i]->Centroid(xyz);
            os << "(" << xyz[0] << "," << xyz[1] << "," << xyz[2] <<")" <<  std::endl;
        }
    }
	*/

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::PrintMesh(std::ostream& os, int cell, int face, int edge, int node)
    {
        if (cell + face + edge + node == 0) return;
        std::stringstream ss;
        ss << "================= " << rank << " =====================" << std::endl;
        if (cell)
        {
            ss << "Cells: " << m->NumberOfCells() <<  std::endl;
            for(Mesh::iteratorCell it = m->BeginCell(); it != m->EndCell(); ++it) 
            {
                ss << rank << ": " << it->GlobalID() << " - " << it->LocalID() << " - ";            
                if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Shared) ss << "shared";
                else if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Ghost) ss << "ghost";
                else ss << "none";
                ss << std::endl;
            }
        }

        if (face)
        {
            ss << "Faces: " << m->NumberOfFaces() <<  std::endl;
            for(Mesh::iteratorFace it = m->BeginFace(); it != m->EndFace(); ++it) 
            {
                ss << rank << ": " << std::setw(2) << it->LocalID() << " " << std::setw(2) << it->GlobalID() << " - " ;            
                ss << std::setw(6);
                if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Shared) ss << "shared";
                else if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Ghost) ss << "ghost";
                else ss << "none";


                double xyz[3];
                it->Centroid(xyz);
                ss << "   (" << std::setw(5) << xyz[0] << " " << std::setw(5) << xyz[1] << " " << std::setw(5) << xyz[2] << ")";

                ss << "  " << m->GetMarker(*it,m->NewMarker());

                ss << " nc(" << it->getNodes().size() << ": "; 
                ElementArray<Node> nodes = it->getNodes();
                for (ElementArray<Node>::iterator node = nodes.begin(); node != nodes.end(); node++)
                    ss << std::setw(2) << node->GlobalID() << " ";
                ss << ")";
                ss << std::endl;
            }
        }

        if (edge)
        {
            ss << "Edges: " << m->NumberOfEdges() <<  std::endl;
            for(Mesh::iteratorEdge it = m->BeginEdge(); it != m->EndEdge(); ++it) 
            {
                ss << rank << ": " << it->GlobalID() << " - " ;            
                if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Shared) ss << "shared";
                else if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Ghost) ss << "ghost";
                else ss << "none";
                ss << std::endl;
            }
        }

        if (node)
        {
            ss << "Nodes:" << std::endl;
            for(Mesh::iteratorNode it = m->BeginNode(); it != m->EndNode(); ++it) 
            {
                ss << rank << ": " << std::setw(2) << it->GlobalID() << " - " ;            
                ss << std::setw(6);
                if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Shared) ss << "shared";
                else if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Ghost) ss << "ghost";
                else ss << "none";

                {
                    ss << "  " << m->GetMarker(*it,m->NewMarker());

                    ss << "(" << 
                        std::setw(3) << it->RealArray(m->CoordsTag())[0] << " " << 
                        std::setw(3) << it->RealArray(m->CoordsTag())[1] << " " << 
                        std::setw(3) << it->RealArray(m->CoordsTag())[2] << ")";

                }
                ss << std::endl;
            }
        }

        ss << "=========================================" << std::endl;
        os << ss.str() << std::endl;
    }
	*/

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::UpdateStatus()
    {

        for(ElementType mask = CELL; mask >= NODE; mask = PrevElementType(mask))
        {
            for(Mesh::iteratorElement it = m->BeginElement(mask); it != m->EndElement(); it++)
            {
                int stat = 0;
                if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Shared) stat = 1;
                else if (it->GetStatus() == Element::Ghost)  stat = 2;

                tag_status[it->self()] = stat;
            }
        }
    }
	*/
    
	
	void AdaptiveMesh::PrintSet(std::ostream & fout, ElementSet set)
    {
		fout << "set " << set.GetName();
		fout << " size " << set.Size();
		if(set.HaveParent()) fout << " parent " << set.GetParent().GetName();
		fout << " elements ";
		for(ElementSet::iterator it = set.Begin(); it != set.End(); ++it)
			fout << ElementTypeName(it->GetElementType()) << ":" << it->LocalID() << ":" << it->GlobalID() << " ";
		fout << " children ";
		for(ElementSet child = set.GetChild(); child.isValid(); child = child.GetSibling())
            fout << child.GetName() << " ";
		fout << std::endl;
    }
	

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::SynchronizeSet(ElementSet set)
    {
    #ifdef USE_MPI
        int size = m->GetProcessorsNumber();
        int rank = m->GetProcessorRank();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
        {
            set.IntegerArray(m->SendtoTag()).push_back(i);
            m->ExchangeMarked();
        }
    #endif
    }
	*/

	/*
    void AdaptiveMesh::Test()
    {
        std::cout << rank << ": ================" << std::endl;
        PrintSet(root,"");
    }
	*/
	
	void AdaptiveMesh::ClearData()
	{
		set_id        = m->DeleteTag(set_id);
		level         = m->DeleteTag(level);
		hanging_nodes = m->DeleteTag(hanging_nodes);
		parent_set    = m->DeleteTag(parent_set);
		root.DeleteSetTree();
	}
	
	void AdaptiveMesh::PrepareSet()
	{
		//retrive set for coarsening, initialize set if is not present
		if( !root.isValid() )
		{
			root = m->GetSet("AM_ROOT_SET");
			if( root == InvalidElement() )
			{
				root = m->CreateSetUnique("AM_ROOT_SET").first;
				//root.SetExchange(ElementSet::SYNC_ELEMENTS_SHARED);
				level[root] = 0;
				for(Mesh::iteratorCell it = m->BeginCell(); it != m->EndCell(); ++it)
				{
					root.PutElement(it->self());
					parent_set[it->self()] = root.GetHandle();
				}
				m->Enumerate(CELL,set_id);
			}
        }
		if( !m->HaveGlobalID(CELL) ) m->AssignGlobalID(CELL); //for unique set names
		//m->ResolveSets();
	}
	
	AdaptiveMesh::AdaptiveMesh(Mesh & _m) : m(&_m)
	{
#if defined(USE_AUTODIFF) && defined(USE_SOLVER)
		model = NULL;
#endif
		//create a tag that stores maximal refinement level of each element
		level = m->CreateTag("REFINEMENT_LEVEL",DATA_INTEGER,CELL|FACE|EDGE|NODE|ESET,NONE,1);
		//tag_status = m->CreateTag("TAG_STATUS",DATA_INTEGER,CELL|FACE|EDGE|NODE,NONE,1);
		set_id = m->CreateTag("SET_ID",DATA_INTEGER,CELL|ESET,ESET,1);
		//tag_an = m->CreateTag("TAG_AN",DATA_INTEGER,CELL|FACE|EDGE|NODE,NONE,1);
		//ref_tag = m->CreateTag("REF",DATA_REFERENCE,CELL|FACE|EDGE|NODE,NONE);
		//create a tag that stores links to all the hanging nodes of the cell
		hanging_nodes = m->CreateTag("HANGING_NODES",DATA_REFERENCE,CELL|FACE,NONE);
		//create a tag that stores links to sets
		parent_set = m->CreateTag("PARENT_SET",DATA_REFERENCE,CELL,NONE,1);
	    size = m->GetProcessorsNumber();
    	rank = m->GetProcessorRank();
	}

	void ReportSub(ElementSet root, int tab, std::fstream & fout)
	{
		if( root.HaveChild() )
		{
			for(ElementSet jt = root.GetChild(); jt.isValid(); jt = jt.GetSibling())
				ReportSub(jt,tab+1,fout);
		}
		Storage::integer_array parr = root.IntegerArray(root.GetMeshLink()->ProcessorsTag());
		for(int q = 0; q < tab; ++q) fout << "  ";
		fout << "set " << root.GetName() << " procs ";
		for(unsigned q = 0; q < parr.size(); ++q) fout << parr[q] << " ";
		fout << " owner " << root.Integer(root.GetMeshLink()->OwnerTag());
		fout << " kids " << root.Size();
		fout << " status " << Element::StatusName(root.GetStatus()) << std::endl;
	}

	void AdaptiveMesh::ReportSets(std::fstream & fout)
	{
		for(Mesh::iteratorSet it = m->BeginSet(); it != m->EndSet(); ++it)
			if( !it->HaveParent() ) ReportSub(it->self(),0,fout);
	}
	
	AdaptiveMesh::~AdaptiveMesh()
	{
		//do not delete tags, user may want to repetitively use this class
		//as extension of class mesh in limited code span
	}
	
	void AdaptiveMesh::CheckParentSet(std::string file, int line)//, TagInteger indicator)
	{
		ENTER_FUNC();
#if !defined(NDEBUG)
		int err = 0;
		Storage::integer_array procs;
		for(Mesh::iteratorCell it = m->BeginCell(); it != m->EndCell(); ++it)
		{
			if( parent_set[*it] == InvalidHandle() )
			{
				REPORT_STR(m->GetProcessorRank() << " parent set not valid on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it]);
				std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << " parent set not valid on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it] << std::endl;
				err++;
			}
			else if( GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it]) != ESET )
			{
				REPORT_STR(m->GetProcessorRank() << " parent set is something else " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << " on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it]);
				std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << " parent set is something else " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << " on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it] << std::endl;
				err++;
			}
			else if( parent_set[*it] != root.GetHandle() )//&& (!indicator.isValid() || indicator[*it]) )
			{
				ElementSet set(m,parent_set[*it]);
				if( !set.HaveParent() )
				{
					REPORT_STR(m->GetProcessorRank() << 
					" parent set " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << 
					" name " << set.GetName() << " owner " << set.Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " status " << Element::StatusName(set.GetStatus()) << " kids " << set.Size() <<
					" does not have parent " <<
					" on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " owner " << it->Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " lvl " << level[*it]);
					std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << 
					" parent set " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << 
					" name " << set.GetName() << " owner " << set.Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " status " << Element::StatusName(set.GetStatus()) << " kids " << set.Size() <<
					" does not have parent " <<
					" on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " owner " << it->Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " lvl " << level[*it] << std::endl;
					procs = it->IntegerArray(m->ProcessorsTag());
					std::cout << "cell procs:"; for(unsigned q = 0; q < procs.size(); ++q) std::cout << " " << procs[q]; std::cout << std::endl;
					procs = set.IntegerArray(m->ProcessorsTag());
					std::cout << "eset procs:"; for(unsigned q = 0; q < procs.size(); ++q) std::cout << " " << procs[q]; std::cout << std::endl;
					err++;
				}
				else
				{
					HandleType parent = set.GetParent().GetHandle();
					if( GetHandleElementType(parent) != ESET )
					{
						REPORT_STR(m->GetProcessorRank() << 
						" parent set " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << 
						" name " << set.GetName() << " owner " << set.Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " status " << Element::StatusName(set.GetStatus()) << 
						" has parent " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent)) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent) <<
						" on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it]);
						std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << 
						" parent set " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent_set[*it])) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent_set[*it]) << 
						" name " << set.GetName() << " owner " << set.Integer(m->OwnerTag()) << " status " << Element::StatusName(set.GetStatus()) << 
						" has parent " << ElementTypeName(GetHandleElementType(parent)) << ":" << GetHandleID(parent) <<
						" on CELL:" << it->LocalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(it->GetStatus()) << " " << level[*it] << std::endl;
						err++;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		err = m->Integrate(err);
		if( err ) 
		{
			REPORT_STR(rank << " error in " << __FUNCTION__ << " " << file << ":" << line);
			std::cout << rank << " error in " << __FUNCTION__ << " " << file << ":" << line << std::endl;
			exit(-1);
		}
#endif //NDEBUG
		EXIT_FUNC();
	}
	
	bool AdaptiveMesh::Refine(TagInteger & indicator)
	{
		static int fi = 0;
        ENTER_FUNC();
		static int call_counter = 0;
		int ret = 0; //return number of refined cells
		//initialize tree structure
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		ENTER_BLOCK();
		PrepareSet();
		EXIT_BLOCK();

		//m->Save("before_refine"+std::to_string(fi)+".pvtk");
		//std::cout << "Save before_refine"+std::to_string(fi)+".pvtk" << std::endl;
		
		//ENTER_BLOCK();
		//for(Mesh::iteratorEdge it = m->BeginEdge(); it != m->EndEdge(); ++it)
		//	if( it->getNodes().size() != 2 ) {REPORT_STR("edge " << it->LocalID() << " has " << it->getNodes().size() << " nodes ");}
		//EXIT_BLOCK();

		m->CheckSetLinks(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		CheckParentSet(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		/*
		ENTER_BLOCK();
		m->ResolveSets();
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		m->ExchangeData(parent_set,CELL,0);
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		m->ResolveSets();
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//m->ExchangeData(parent_set,CELL,0);
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		m->ExchangeData(hanging_nodes,CELL | FACE,0);
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//CheckParentSet(Tag());
		EXIT_BLOCK();
		*/
		//ENTER_BLOCK();
		//for(Mesh::iteratorEdge it = m->BeginEdge(); it != m->EndEdge(); ++it)
		//	if( it->getNodes().size() != 2 ) {REPORT_STR("edge " << it->LocalID() << " has " << it->getNodes().size() << " nodes ");}
		//EXIT_BLOCK();

		//m->Save("before_refine_parent"+std::to_string(fi)+".pvtk");
		//std::cout << "Save before_refine_parent"+std::to_string(fi)+".pvtk" << std::endl;
		

		
		int schedule_counter = 1; //indicates order in which refinement will be scheduled
		int scheduled = 1; //indicates that at least one element was scheduled on current sweep
		ENTER_BLOCK();
		//0. Extend indicator for edges and faces
		indicator = m->CreateTag(indicator.GetTagName(),DATA_INTEGER,FACE|EDGE,NONE,1);
		//1.Communicate indicator - it may be not synced
		m->ExchangeData(indicator,CELL,0);
		while(scheduled)
		{
			REPORT_VAL("scheduled",scheduled);
			//2.Propogate indicator down to the faces,edges
			//  select schedule for them
			ENTER_BLOCK();
			for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->CellLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidCell(it) )
			{
				Cell c = m->CellByLocalID(it);
				if( indicator[c] == schedule_counter )
				{
					ElementArray<Element> adj = c.getAdjElements(FACE|EDGE);
					for(ElementArray<Element>::size_type kt = 0; kt < adj.size(); ++kt)
					{
						if( level[adj[kt]] == level[c] ) //do not schedule finer or coarser elements
							indicator[adj[kt]] = schedule_counter; //refine together with current cell
					}
				}
			}
			EXIT_BLOCK();
			//3.Communicate indicator on faces and edges
			m->ReduceData(indicator,FACE|EDGE,0,ReduceMax);
			m->ExchangeData(indicator,FACE|EDGE,0);
			//4.Check for each cell if there is
			//  any hanging node with adjacent in a need to refine,
			//  schedule for refinement earlier.
			scheduled = 0;
			ENTER_BLOCK();
			for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->CellLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidCell(it) )
			{
				Cell c = m->CellByLocalID(it);
				//already scheduled cells may be required to be refined first
				//if( indicator[c] == 0 ) //some optimization
				{
					bool scheduled_c = false;
					//any finer level edge is scheduled to be refined first
					ElementArray<Edge> edges = c->getEdges();
					for(ElementArray<Edge>::size_type kt = 0; kt < edges.size() && !scheduled_c; ++kt)
					{
						//if a finer edge is scheduled
						//then this cell should be refined first
						if( indicator[edges[kt]] != 0 &&
							level[edges[kt]] > level[c] &&
							indicator[edges[kt]] >= indicator[c] )
						{
							indicator[c] = schedule_counter+1;
							scheduled++;
							scheduled_c = true;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			EXIT_BLOCK();
			//5.Exchange indicator on cells
			m->ReduceData(indicator,CELL,0,ReduceMax);
			m->ExchangeData(indicator,CELL,0);
			//6.Go back to 1 until no new elements scheduled
			scheduled = m->Integrate(scheduled);
			if( scheduled ) schedule_counter++;
		}
		//m->ExchangeData(indicator,CELL | FACE | EDGE,0);
		EXIT_BLOCK();
		
		//m->ExchangeData(hanging_nodes,CELL|FACE,NONE);
		//m->Save("indicator.pmf");
		
		//ENTER_BLOCK();
		//for(Mesh::iteratorEdge it = m->BeginEdge(); it != m->EndEdge(); ++it)
		//	if( it->getNodes().size() != 2 ) {REPORT_STR("edge " << it->LocalID() << " has " << it->getNodes().size() << " nodes ");}
		//EXIT_BLOCK();
		
		m->ExchangeData(hanging_nodes,CELL | FACE,0);
		
		//if( !Element::CheckConnectivity(m) ) std::cout << __FILE__ << ":" << __LINE__ << " broken connectivity" << std::endl;
		//m->CheckCentroids(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//6.Refine
		ENTER_BLOCK();
		m->BeginModification();
		while(schedule_counter)
		{
			Storage::real xyz[3] = {0,0,0};
			//7.split all edges of the current schedule
			ENTER_BLOCK();
			for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->EdgeLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidEdge(it) )
			{
				Edge e = m->EdgeByLocalID(it);
				if( !e.Hidden() && indicator[e] == schedule_counter )
				{
					//ENTER_BLOCK();
					//for(Mesh::iteratorEdge it = m->BeginEdge(); it != m->EndEdge(); ++it)
					//	if( it->getNodes().size() != 2 ) {REPORT_STR("edge " << it->LocalID() << " has " << it->getNodes().size() << " nodes ");}
					//EXIT_BLOCK();
					//REPORT_STR("split edge " << e.LocalID() << " nodes " << e.getBeg().LocalID() << "," << e.getEnd().LocalID() << " level " << level[e] << " lc size " << m->LowConn(e.GetHandle()).size() );
					//ElementArray<Node> nodes = e.getNodes();
					//for(int q = 0; q < nodes.size(); ++q) REPORT_STR("node " << nodes[q].GetHandle() << " " << nodes[q].LocalID() << (nodes[q].Hidden()?" hidden " : " good ") );
					//remember adjacent faces that should get information about new hanging node
					ElementArray<Face> edge_faces = e.getFaces();
					//location on the center of the edge
					for(Storage::integer d = 0; d < m->GetDimensions(); ++d)
						xyz[d] = (e.getBeg().Coords()[d]+e.getEnd().Coords()[d])*0.5;
					//todo: request transformation of node location according to geometrical model
					//create middle node
					Node n = m->CreateNode(xyz);
					//set increased level for new node
					level[n] = level[e.getBeg()] = level[e.getEnd()] = level[e]+1;
					//for each face provide link to a new hanging node
					for(ElementArray<Face>::size_type kt = 0; kt < edge_faces.size(); ++kt)
						hanging_nodes[edge_faces[kt]].push_back(n);
					//split the edge by the middle node
					ElementArray<Edge> new_edges = Edge::SplitEdge(e,ElementArray<Node>(m,1,n.GetHandle()),0);
					//set increased level for new edges
					level[new_edges[0]] = level[new_edges[1]] = level[e]+1;
#if defined(USE_AUTODIFF) && defined(USE_SOLVER)
					if( model ) model->EdgeRefinement(e,new_edges);
#endif
					//for(int q = 0; q < 2; ++q)
					//{
					//	REPORT_STR("new edges["<<q<<"]" << new_edges[q].LocalID() << " nodes " << new_edges[q].getBeg().LocalID() << "," << new_edges[q].getEnd().LocalID() << " level " << level[new_edges[q]]);
					//}
					
					//if( !Element::CheckConnectivity(m) ) std::cout << __FILE__ << ":" << __LINE__ << " broken connectivity" << std::endl;
				}
			}
			EXIT_BLOCK();
			//8.split all faces of the current schedule, using hanging nodes on edges
			ENTER_BLOCK();
			for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->FaceLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidFace(it) )
			{
				Face f = m->FaceByLocalID(it);
				if( !f.Hidden() && indicator[f] == schedule_counter )
				{
#if !defined(NDEBUG)
					ElementArray<Edge> face_edges = f.getEdges();
					for(ElementArray<Edge>::iterator jt = face_edges.begin(); jt != face_edges.end(); ++jt)
					{
						if( level[*jt] != level[f]+1 )
						{
							std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << " face " << f.LocalID();
							std::cout << " " << Element::StatusName(f.GetStatus()) << " owner " << f.Integer(m->OwnerTag());
							std::cout << " lvl " << level[f] << " ind " << indicator[f];
							std::cout << " edge " << jt->LocalID();
							std::cout << " " << Element::StatusName(jt->GetStatus()) << " owner " << jt->Integer(m->OwnerTag());
							std::cout << " lvl " << level[*jt] << " ind " << indicator[*jt];
							std::cout << std::endl;
							ElementArray<Cell> adj_cells;
							adj_cells = f.getCells();
							std::cout << "face cells ";
							for(ElementArray<Cell>::iterator kt = adj_cells.begin(); kt != adj_cells.end(); ++kt)
							{
								std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << " face " << kt->LocalID();
								std::cout << " " << Element::StatusName(kt->GetStatus()) << " owner " << kt->Integer(m->OwnerTag());
								std::cout << " lvl " << level[*kt] << " ind " << indicator[*kt];
								std::cout << std::endl;
							}
							std::cout << "edge cells ";
							adj_cells = jt->getCells();
							for(ElementArray<Cell>::iterator kt = adj_cells.begin(); kt != adj_cells.end(); ++kt)
							{
								std::cout << m->GetProcessorRank() << " face " << kt->LocalID();
								std::cout << " " << Element::StatusName(kt->GetStatus()) << " owner " << kt->Integer(m->OwnerTag());
								std::cout << " lvl " << level[*kt] << " ind " << indicator[*kt];
								std::cout << std::endl;
							}
						}
						assert(level[*jt] == level[f]+1);
					}
#endif //NDEBUG
					//connect face center to hanging nodes of the face
					Storage::reference_array face_hanging_nodes = hanging_nodes[f];
					//remember adjacent cells that should get information about new hanging node
					//and new hanging edges
					ElementArray<Cell> face_cells = f.getCells();
					//create node at face center
					//f->Centroid(xyz);
					for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] = 0.0;
					for(Storage::reference_array::size_type kt = 0; kt < face_hanging_nodes.size(); ++kt)
						for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] += face_hanging_nodes[kt].getAsNode().Coords()[d];
					for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] /= (Storage::real)face_hanging_nodes.size();
					//todo: request transformation of node location according to geometrical model
					//create middle node
					Node n = m->CreateNode(xyz);
					//set increased level for the new node
					level[n] = level[f]+1;
					//for each cell provide link to new hanging node
					for(ElementArray<Face>::size_type kt = 0; kt < face_cells.size(); ++kt)
						hanging_nodes[face_cells[kt]].push_back(n);
					ElementArray<Node> edge_nodes(m,2); //to create new edges
					ElementArray<Edge> hanging_edges(m,face_hanging_nodes.size());
					edge_nodes[0] = n;
					for(Storage::reference_array::size_type kt = 0; kt < face_hanging_nodes.size(); ++kt)
					{
						edge_nodes[1] = face_hanging_nodes[kt].getAsNode();
						hanging_edges[kt] = m->CreateEdge(edge_nodes).first;
						//set increased level for new edges
						level[hanging_edges[kt]] = level[f]+1;
					}
					//split the face by these edges
					ElementArray<Face> new_faces = Face::SplitFace(f,hanging_edges,0);
					//set increased level to new faces
					for(ElementArray<Face>::size_type kt = 0; kt < new_faces.size(); ++kt)
						level[new_faces[kt]] = level[f]+1;
#if defined(USE_AUTODIFF) && defined(USE_SOLVER)
					if( model ) model->FaceRefinement(f,new_faces);
#endif
				}
			}
			EXIT_BLOCK();
			//this tag helps recreate internal face
			TagReferenceArray internal_face_edges = m->CreateTag("INTERNAL_FACE_EDGES",DATA_REFERENCE,NODE,NODE,4);
			//this marker helps detect edges of current cell only
			MarkerType mark_cell_edges = m->CreateMarker();
			//this marker helps detect nodes hanging on edges of unrefined cell
			MarkerType mark_hanging_nodes = m->CreateMarker();
			//9.split all cells of the current schedule
			ENTER_BLOCK();
			for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->CellLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidCell(it) )
			{
				Cell c = m->CellByLocalID(it);
				if( !c.Hidden() && indicator[c] == schedule_counter )
				{
					Storage::reference_array cell_hanging_nodes = hanging_nodes[c]; //nodes to be connected
					//create node at cell center
					for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] = 0.0;
					for(Storage::reference_array::size_type kt = 0; kt < cell_hanging_nodes.size(); ++kt)
						for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] += cell_hanging_nodes[kt].getAsNode().Coords()[d];
					for(int d = 0; d < 3; ++d) xyz[d] /= (Storage::real)cell_hanging_nodes.size();
					//c->Centroid(xyz);
					//todo: request transformation of node location according to geometrical model
					//create middle node
					Node n = m->CreateNode(xyz);
					//set increased level for the new node
					level[n] = level[c]+1;
					//retrive all edges of current face to mark them
					ElementArray<Edge> cell_edges = c.getEdges();
#if !defined(NDEBUG)
					for(ElementArray<Edge>::iterator jt = cell_edges.begin(); jt != cell_edges.end(); ++jt) assert(level[*jt] == level[c]+1);
					ElementArray<Face> cell_faces = c.getFaces();
					for(ElementArray<Face>::iterator jt = cell_faces.begin(); jt != cell_faces.end(); ++jt) assert(level[*jt] == level[c]+1);
#endif //NDEBUG
					//mark all edges so that we can retive them later
					cell_edges.SetMarker(mark_cell_edges);
					//connect face center to centers of faces by edges
					ElementArray<Node> edge_nodes(m,2);
					ElementArray<Edge> edges_to_faces(m,cell_hanging_nodes.size());
					edge_nodes[0] = n;
					for(Storage::reference_array::size_type kt = 0; kt < cell_hanging_nodes.size(); ++kt)
					{
						assert(cell_hanging_nodes[kt].isValid());
						//todo: unmark hanging node on edge if no more cells depend on it
						edge_nodes[1] = cell_hanging_nodes[kt].getAsNode();
						edges_to_faces[kt] = m->CreateEdge(edge_nodes).first;
						//set increased level for new edges
						level[edges_to_faces[kt]] = level[c]+1;
						//for each node other then the hanging node of the face
						//(this is hanging node on the edge)
						//we record a pair of edges to reconstruct internal faces
						ElementArray<Edge> hanging_edges = cell_hanging_nodes[kt].getEdges(mark_cell_edges,0);
						for(ElementArray<Edge>::size_type lt = 0; lt < hanging_edges.size(); ++lt)
						{
							//get hanging node on the edge
							assert(hanging_edges[lt].getBeg() == cell_hanging_nodes[kt] || hanging_edges[lt].getEnd() == cell_hanging_nodes[kt]);
							Node v = hanging_edges[lt].getBeg() == cell_hanging_nodes[kt]? hanging_edges[lt].getEnd() : hanging_edges[lt].getBeg();
							//mark so that we can collect all of them
							v.SetMarker(mark_hanging_nodes);
							//fill the edges
							Storage::reference_array face_edges = internal_face_edges[v];
							//fill first two in forward order
							//this way we make a closed loop
							assert(face_edges[0] == InvalidElement() || face_edges[2] == InvalidElement());
							if( face_edges[0] == InvalidElement() )
							{
								face_edges[0] = edges_to_faces[kt];
								face_edges[1] = hanging_edges[lt];
							}
							else //last two in reverse
							{
								assert(face_edges[2] ==InvalidElement());
								face_edges[2] = hanging_edges[lt];
								face_edges[3] = edges_to_faces[kt];
							}
						}
					}
					//remove marker from cell edges
					cell_edges.RemMarker(mark_cell_edges);
					//now we have to create internal faces
					ElementArray<Node> edge_hanging_nodes = c.getNodes(mark_hanging_nodes,0);
					ElementArray<Face> internal_faces(m,edge_hanging_nodes.size());
					//unmark hanging nodes on edges
					edge_hanging_nodes.RemMarker(mark_hanging_nodes);
					for(ElementArray<Node>::size_type kt = 0; kt < edge_hanging_nodes.size(); ++kt)
					{
						//create a face based on collected edges
						Storage::reference_array face_edges = internal_face_edges[edge_hanging_nodes[kt]];
						assert(face_edges[0].isValid());
						assert(face_edges[1].isValid());
						assert(face_edges[2].isValid());
						assert(face_edges[3].isValid());
						internal_faces[kt] = m->CreateFace(ElementArray<Edge>(m,face_edges.begin(),face_edges.end())).first;
						//set increased level
						level[internal_faces[kt]] = level[c]+1;
						//clean up structure, so that other cells can use it
						edge_hanging_nodes[kt].DelData(internal_face_edges);
					}
					//if( c.GlobalID() == 228 )
					//{
					//	double cnt[3];
					//	c.Centroid(cnt);
					//	std::cout << "Split CELL:" << c.LocalID() << " " << c.GlobalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(c.GetStatus()) << " " << cnt[0] << " " << cnt[1] << " " << cnt[2] << std::endl;
					//	
					//}
					//split the cell
					//retrive parent set
					ElementSet parent(m,parent_set[c]);
					//create set corresponding to old coarse cell
					//Storage::real cnt[3];
					//c.Centroid(cnt);
					std::stringstream set_name;
					//set_name << parent.GetName() << "_C" << c.GlobalID(); //rand may be unsafe
					if( parent == root )
						set_name << "AM_R" << set_id[c];
					else
						set_name << parent.GetName() << "C" << set_id[c];
					//set_name << base64_encode_((unsigned char *)cnt,3*sizeof(double)/sizeof(unsigned char));
					
					ElementSet check_set = m->GetSet(set_name.str());
					if( check_set.isValid() )
					{
						std::cout << rank << " set " << set_name.str() << " for cell " << c.GlobalID() << " " << Element::StatusName(c.GetStatus()) << " already exists" << std::endl;
						if( check_set->HaveParent() )
							std::cout << rank << " parent is " << check_set->GetParent()->GetName() << " cell parent is " << parent.GetName() << std::endl;
						std::cout << rank << " Elements of " << check_set.GetName() << ": ";
						for(ElementSet::iterator it = check_set.Begin(); it != check_set.End(); ++it)
							std::cout << ElementTypeName(it->GetElementType()) << ":" << it->LocalID() << "," << it->GlobalID() << "," << Element::StatusName(c.GetStatus()) << "," << level[*it] << "," << indicator[*it] << " ";
						std::cout << std::endl;
						std::cout << rank << " Elements of " << parent.GetName() << ": ";
						for(ElementSet::iterator it = parent.Begin(); it != parent.End(); ++it)
							std::cout << ElementTypeName(it->GetElementType()) << ":" << it->LocalID() << "," << it->GlobalID() << "," << Element::StatusName(c.GetStatus()) << "," << level[*it] << "," << indicator[*it] << " ";
						std::cout << std::endl;
						if( parent.HaveChild() )
						{
							std::cout << rank << " Children of " << parent.GetName() << ": ";
							for(ElementSet jt = parent.GetChild(); jt.isValid(); jt = jt.GetSibling() )
								std::cout << jt.GetName() << " size " << jt.Size() << " ";
							std::cout << std::endl;
						}
						exit(-1);
					}
					
					ElementSet cell_set = m->CreateSetUnique(set_name.str()).first;
					//cell_set->SetExchange(ElementSet::SYNC_ELEMENTS_ALL);
					level[cell_set] = level[c]+1;
					set_id[cell_set] = set_id[c];

					ElementArray<Cell> new_cells = Cell::SplitCell(c,internal_faces,0);
					std::sort(new_cells.begin(),new_cells.end(),Mesh::CentroidComparator(m));
					//set up increased level for the new cells
					for(ElementArray<Cell>::size_type kt = 0; kt < new_cells.size(); ++kt)
					{
						set_id[new_cells[kt]] = (int)kt;
						level[new_cells[kt]] = level[c]+1;
						cell_set.PutElement(new_cells[kt]);
						parent_set[new_cells[kt]] = cell_set.GetHandle();
					}
					/*
					if( check_set.isValid() )
					{
						std::cout << rank << " Elements: ";
						for(ElementSet::iterator it = check_set.Begin(); it != check_set.End(); ++it)
							std::cout << ElementTypeName(it->GetElementType()) << ":" << it->LocalID() << "," << it->GlobalID() << "," << Element::StatusName(c.GetStatus()) << "," << level[*it] << " ";
						std::cout << std::endl;
					}
					*/
					//if( !cell_set->HaveParent() )
					parent.AddChild(cell_set);
#if defined(USE_AUTODIFF) && defined(USE_SOLVER)
					if( model ) model->CellRefinement(c,new_cells);
#endif
					//else assert(cell_set->GetParent() == parent);
					//increment number of refined cells
					ret++;
				}
			}
			EXIT_BLOCK();
			m->ReleaseMarker(mark_hanging_nodes);
			m->ReleaseMarker(mark_cell_edges);
			m->DeleteTag(internal_face_edges);
			//10.jump to later schedule, and go to 7.
			schedule_counter--;
		}
		m->CheckSetLinks(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//free created tag
		m->DeleteTag(indicator,FACE|EDGE);


		m->CheckSetLinks(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//11. Restore parallel connectivity, global ids
		m->ResolveModification();
		//m->SynchronizeMarker(m->NewMarker(),CELL|FACE|EDGE|NODE,SYNC_BIT_OR);
        //ExchangeGhost(3,NODE); // Construct Ghost cells in 2 layers connected via nodes
		//12. Let the user update their data
		//todo: call back function for New( cells
#if defined(USE_AUTODIFF) && defined(USE_SOLVER)
		if( model ) model->Adaptation(*m);
#endif
		m->CheckSetLinks(__FILE__,__LINE__);
		//13. Delete old elements of the mesh
		m->ApplyModification();
		
		//m->ExchangeGhost(1,NODE,m->NewMarker());
		//14. Done
        //cout << rank << ": Before end " << std::endl;
		m->EndModification();
		EXIT_BLOCK();
		
		//keep links to prevent loss during balancing
		m->ExchangeData(parent_set,CELL,0);
		m->ExchangeData(hanging_nodes,CELL | FACE,0);

		/*
		ENTER_BLOCK();
		for(Storage::integer it = 0; it < m->EsetLastLocalID(); ++it) if( m->isValidElementSet(it) )
		{
			ElementSet set = m->EsetByLocalID(it);
			if( set.GetName().substr(0,3) == "AM_" )
			{
				//int imax = -1, imin = INT_MAX;
				//for(ElementSet::iterator jt = set.Begin(); jt != set.End(); ++jt)
				//{
				//	imax = std::max(imax,indicator[*jt]);
				//	imin = std::min(imin,indicator[*jt]);
				//}
				//std::cout << "on proc " << m->GetProcessorRank() << " set " << set.GetName() << " size " << set.Size() << " set indicator " << indicator[set] << " elements indicator " << imin << ":" << imax;
				//if( set.HaveParent() ) std::cout << " parent " << set.GetParent().GetName();
				//std::cout << std::endl;
				//if( !set.HaveChild() )
					set.SynchronizeSetParents();
			}
		}
		m->ExchangeMarked();
		EXIT_BLOCK();
		*/
		CheckParentSet(__FILE__,__LINE__);